Komoro han was a feudal domain under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo period Japan. It is located in Shinano Province, Honshū. The domain was centered at Komoro Castle, located in what is now part of the city of Komoro in Nagano Prefecture.[ "Shinano Province" at JapaneseCastleExplorer.com; retrieved 2013-5-13.]
History
The area which later became Komoro Domain was repeated contested between the
Uesugi clan, the
Takeda clan and the Later Hōjō clan during the
Sengoku period, changing hands repeatedly. After Toyotomi Hideyoshi annihilated the Hōjō clan in the Siege of Odawara in 1590, he awarded Komoro as a 50,000
koku holding to
Sengoku Hidehisa. The marked the start of Komoro Domain. He was confirmed in his status by
Tokugawa Ieyasu after the Battle of Sekigahara, and his son, Sengoku Tadamasa was transferred to
Ueda Domain in 1622.
Komoro was part of the holdings of Kōfu Domain from 1622 to 1624, but was revived as an independent domain for Matsudaira Norinaga from 1624 to 1647. On his death without an heir, the domain was placed under Matsumoto Domain for a year, until the transfer of Aoyama Munetoshi, who was raised from hatamoto status. He subsequently served as Osaka-jō dai from 1662, and Komoro was given to Sakai Tadayoshi, formerly of Isesaki Domain. Sakai was demoted to Tanaka Domain in Suruga Province in 1679. The next ruler of Komoro was Nishio Tadanari, formerly of Tanaka Domain. He made great efforts to undo the damage caused by the misgovernment of Sakai Tadayoshi, but was transferred to Yokosuka Domain in 1682. Komoro was then given to a junior branch of the Matsudaira clan from 1679 to 1702.
In 1702, Makino Yasushige was transferred to Komoro from Yoita Domain in Echigo Province. This at last brought stability to the administration of the domain, as the Makino clan continued to rule until the Meiji restoration.
During the Boshin War, the 10th daimyō, Makino Yasumasu quickly supported the imperial side, and participated in the Battle of Hokuetsu and was assigned to guard Usui Pass. However, in September 1869 he was forced to suppress an attempted coup d’etat within his own domain.
In July 1871, with the abolition of the han system, Komoro Domain briefly became Komoro Prefecture, and was merged into the newly created Nagano Prefecture.
Bakumatsu period holdings
As with most domains in the
han system, Komoro Domain consisted of several discontinuous territories calculated to provide the assigned
kokudaka, based on periodic
cadastral surveys and projected agricultural yields.
[Jeffrey Mass and William B. Hauser. (1987). The Bakufu in Japanese History, p. 150.][Elison, George and Bardwell L. Smith (1987). Warlords, Artists, & Commoners: Japan in the Sixteenth Century, p. 18.]
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Shinano Province
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16 villages in Chiisagata District
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46 villages in Saku District
List of daimyō
Makino Yasushige
extra=October 18, 1677 – January 4, 1723 was the 3rd Makino
daimyō of
Yoita Domain in
Echigo Province and the 1st Makino
daimyō of Komoro Domain under the
Edo period Tokugawa shogunate. Ieshige was the fifth son of Honjō Munesuke of
Ashikaga Domain and his mother was a princess of the Nijō clan. In 1688 he was adopted by
Makino Yasumichi, and became
daimyō of Yoita on the latter's retirement the following year. In 1702, he received an increase in
kokudaka of 5000
koku, and was transferred to Komoro. His wife was a daughter of Ogasawara Tadakata of
Kokura Domain. He died in 1723.
Makino Yasuchika
extra=1707 – February 15, 1758 was the 2nd Makino
daimyō of Komoro. Yasuchika was the eldest son of
Makino Yasushige. He was received in formal audience by
Shogun Tokugawa Yoshimune in 1720, and became
daimyō on his father's death in 1722. In 1725 he visited his domain for the first time. In 1731 he was appointed
bugyō to oversee ceremonies at Nikkō Tōshōgū. In 1742, the domain suffered from severe damage due to storms and he applied for a loan of 2000
ryō from the shogunate. In 1751, he turned to the parent house of the Makino clan at
Nagaoka Domain for financial assistance. His wife was a daughter of Rokugō Masaharu of Honjō Domain. He died in 1758.
Makino Yasumitsu
extra=October 29, 1732 – August 26, 1801 was the 3rd Makino
daimyō of Komoro. Yasumitsu was the eldest son of
Makino Yasuchika and was born in Komoro. He became
daimyō on his father's death in 1758. In 1762 he was appointed a
sōshaban, holding that position until his retirement in 1784. He retired to Edo, where he devoted his days to poetry, painting and drinking until his death in 1801. His wife was a daughter of
Makino Sadamichi of
Nobeoka Domain.
Makino Yasuyori
extra=1750 – December 8, 1794 was the 4th Makino
daimyō of Komoro. Yasuyori was the eldest son of
Makino Yasumitsu and became
daimyō on his father's retirement in 1784. In 1786 he was appointed
Osaka kaban. He died at the clan's Edo residence at
Koishikawa in 1794 at the age of 45. His wife was a daughter of Matsudaira Chikamitsu of
Kitsuki Domain.
Makino Yasutomo
extra=April 7, 1773 – August 16, 1800 was the 5th Makino
daimyō of Komoro. Yasutomo was the eldest son of
Makino Yasuyori and became
daimyō on his father's death in 1794. In 1798 he was appointed a
Sōshaban. However, he was sickly and could only walk with a cane. He died of
beriberi in Edo in 1800 at the age of 27. His wife was a daughter of Matsudaira Nobuhiro of
Akashi Domain.
Makino Yasunaga
extra=1796 – January 28, 1868 was the 6th Makino
daimyō of Komoro. Yasunaga was the eldest son of
Makino Yasutomo and became
daimyō on his father's death in 1800. In 1802 he established a
han school. He received the
courtesy title of
Naizen-no-kami in 1814. He retired citing illness in 1819, but lived to 1868. He never took a formal wife.
Makino Yasuakira
extra=February 25, 1800 – September 15, 1827 was the 7th Makino
daimyō of Komoro. Yasuakira was the second son of
Makino Yasutomo and became
daimyō on his brother's retirement in 1819. He received the
courtesy title of
Naizen-no-kami in 1822. He died at the clan's Edo residence at
Koishikawa in 1827 at the age of 28. His wife was a daughter of
Torii Tadateru of
Mibu Domain; however, he had no male heir.
Makino Yasunobu
extra=December 27, 1809 – August 13, 1832 was the 8th Makino
daimyō of Komoro. His name is also sometimes transliterated as "Yasunori". Yasunobu was the sixth son of
Makino Tadakiyo of
Nobeoka Domain and was adopted as heir to
Makino Yasuakira. He became
daimyō in 1827; however, he died at the clan's Edo residence at Hamamachi in 1832 at the age of 24. His wife was a daughter of Ishikawa Fusasuke of
Kameyama Domain; however, he had no male heir.
Makino Yasutoshi
extra=November 15, 1818 – July 28, 1863 was the 9th Makino
daimyō of Komoro. Yasutoshi was born in
Hibiya,
Edo as the sixth son of
Makino Sadamoto of
Kasama Domain and was adopted as posthumous heir to
Makino Yasunobu in 1832. At the time, the domain was suffering greatly form the Great Tenpō famine, and also from a
smallpox epidemic. Yasunobu brought doctors with
smallpox vaccine from Edo, and led the effort vaccinate the population by having his own children vaccinated first to set an example. From 1855, he attempted to institute numerous rural reforms based on the teachings of
Ninomiya Sontoku and to create stockpiled against future bad harvests. He also encouraged the development of a
washi paper industry. In 1858, he was appointed a
wakadoshiyori, and was a strong supporter of the
Tairō Ii Naosuke. He died in 1863 at the age of 46. His wife was a daughter of Matsudaira Nobuhide of
Kameyama Domain. After her death, he remarried to a daughter of
Kutsuki Tsunaeda of Fukuchiyama Domain.
Makino Yasumasa
extra=January 31, 1841 – January 15, 1918 was the 10th (and final) Makino
daimyō of Komoro. Yasutoshi was the second son of
Makino Yasutoshi and was received in formal audience by Shogun
Tokugawa Iemochi in 1859. He became
daimyō on his father's death in 1863 and from 1864 his courtesy title was promoted to
Tōtōmi-no-kami. However, among his retainers, there was a strong faction which supported his younger brother Nobunosuke (later Honda Tadanao,
daimyō of
Okazaki Domain), and was forced to suppress an attempted coup. He also faced possible overthrow when he sided with the imperial faction in the
Boshin War and ordered his forces against the pro-Tokugawa army at the Battle of Hokuetsu, as this placed the domain in direct conflict with its parent house at
Nagaoka Domain. In September 1869, he also had to suppress a revolt by followers of the failed
Mito rebellion within his domain. Later in 1869, he was appointed imperial governor of Komoro by the new
Meiji government. On the abolition of the han system in July 1871, he changed his name to Yasutomi (康民). He retired from public life in 1883 and died in 1918.
See also
List of Han
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The content of this article was largely derived from that of the corresponding article on Japanese Wikipedia.
External links
Notes
